Encephalitis results in considerable morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. For patients presenting to the hospital with encephalitis, neurologists are often consulted or directly assist with their care and must be able to distinguish the condition from the many other conditions that mimic it. Neurologists should also be aware of the various causes of encephalitis so that they can design an effective and practical diagnostic and treatment program.
An understanding of recent advances in management, particularly concerning autoimmune etiologies and critical care approaches, is equally important. Infections or autoimmune conditions can cause encephalitis, which causes inflammation of the brain. Neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and clinical findings are typically used to diagnose patients with sensory processing disorders.
How to Diagnose Encephalitis?
To diagnose encephalitis, your healthcare provider might order tests, perform a medical exam. Doctors may also discuss your medical history, ask about your vaccinations, and assess other respiratory illnesses or gastrointestinal illnesses. Diagnostic tests includes:
- Brain imaging. MRI or CT images can reveal any swelling of the brain or another condition that might be causing your symptoms, such as a tumor.
- Spinal tap. The cerebrospinal fluid, which surrounds the brain and spinal column, is removed from your lower back with a needle. Changes in this fluid can indicate infection and inflammation in the brain.
- Other lab tests. Samples of blood, urine, or excretions from the back of the throat can be tested for viruses or other infectious agents.
- Electroencephalogram. Certain abnormal patterns may indicate a diagnosis of encephalitis.
- Brain biopsy. Rarely, a small sample of brain tissue might be removed for testing. Brain biopsies are typically only done when symptoms are getting worse and treatment isn’t working.
Typical Symptoms of Encephalitis
In addition to headache, sensitivity to light, stiff neck, confusion, and seizures, encephalitis often results in headaches, mental confusion, and seizures. Seek immediate help if you or a family member experiences:
- Loss of consciousness
- Movement disorders
- Weakness or partial paralysis in the arms and legs
- Double vision
- Impairment of speech or hearing
- Coma
- Anxiety
- Psychosis
- Hallucinations
- Memory loss
Does Encephalitis Go Away?
The mild cases of encephalitis are treatable in a few days. But people with severe cases are more likely to require a lengthier duration to get better. Some cases may cause brain damage and death. The key to surviving encephalitis is early detection and effective treatment of the underlying cause. Note that there are few numbers of people who have knowledge about Encephalitis. Ensure to know what it is before it’s too late. It is essential to spread awareness to everyone and save lives.
Treatment for Encephalitis
Encephalitis treatment depends on the underlying cause and symptoms. It may include antiviral medications, physical therapy, antibiotics, immunotherapy, and recommended medications to control seizures. Encephalitis is very serious. Both the acute stage and the aftermath can be overwhelming for patients and their families. Spread Awareness now.